ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non‑Hodgkin lymphoma in Indian population. The disease could be divided into the prognostically important subtypes, germinal center B‑cell (GCB)‑like and activated B‑cell‑like, using gene expression profiling (GEP). The molecular subtype as defined by GEP could also be predicted by using immunohistochemistry (IHC) based algorithms using three biomarkers CD10, BCL‑6, and multiple myeloma oncogene‑1 (MUM1). It has been confirmed that patients belonging to the GCB subtype have a better outcome and survival than those belonging to the second subtype. The present study was conducted to study the prevalence of these two subgroups and their correlation with survival of the patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 83 patients of DLBCL were included in the study. Hematoxylin‑ and eosin‑stained sections were prepared from the paraffin‑embedded tissue blocks. The staining for all the three antibodies was considered positive when more than 30% cells were stained with the respective antibody. Results: The results showed that 44 patients (53%) had GCB immunophenotype and 39 patients (47%) had non‑GCB phenotype. However, no statistically significant difference in overall and disease‑free survival was noted between the subgroups. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that frequency of GCB subtype of DLBCL is significantly higher than the non‑GCB subtype, and the non‑GCB immunophenotype has better relapse‑free survival 78% (standard error = 0.10) at the end of 3 years, while GCB has 56% (standard error = 0.23). Further studies should be performed with larger number of patients to show difference in clinical outcome between GCB and non‑GCB subgroups.
ABSTRACT
Dislocation of intraocular lens (IOL) is a serious complication of blunt ocular trauma in pseudophakic eyes. Here, a 72‑year‑old male patient with subconjunctival dislocation of an IOL (pseudophacocele) secondary to bull horn injury was reported. In this case report, a new sign named as “golden half ring sign” was described for easy identification and localization of subconjunctival dislocation of IOL in patient with open globe injury (surgical wound dehiscence) associated dense subconjunctival hemorrhage.
ABSTRACT
Ophthalmomyiasis is the infestation of human eye by the larvae of certain flies. Sheep botfly commonly manifests as Ophthalmomyiasis externa when there is conjunctival involvement or rarely as Opthalmomyiasis interna when there is larval penetration into the eyeball. It appears to be more common than what has been indicated by previously published reports. We present a report of seven cases of Ophthalmomyiasis by Oestrus ovis, from central India who presented with features of conjunctivitis varying between mild to severe. The larvae were seen in bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva and also entangled in lashes with discharge. Since the larvae are photophobic, it is prudent to look for them in the fornices and also in discharge. Prompt removal of the larvae from the conjunctiva helps in relieving the symptoms and also prevents serious complications. Taxonomic identification of the species is important to estimate the risk of globe penetration by the larvae.